Somalia Situation: Position Paper §

Class: IS306 Created Time: March 23, 2021 2:12 PM Database: Assignment Database Last Edited Time: July 12, 2021 3:07 AM Resulting Materials: The_United_States_of_America_Position_Paper.odt Status: Done

Group # Members: §

1. Chea Resan
2. Sambath Thearavattey

Roles §

Mock Simulation: Vattey

1st Simulation: 1/2 Vattey 1/2 Resan

2nd Simulation: Vattey

Sponsor Meeting: Resan

3rd Simulation: Resan

Topic §

State the position of your country: The United States on the issue of ‘The Internal Conflicts of Somalia’

• Country assignments

  

Guideline

Format of Draft Resolution

Notes §

The U.S. and Somalia

Use the proposed actions in the position paper during the simulation

• If other’s position is similar work with them to lobby support
• Focus on internal conflicts only, don’t be too broad, border disputes and other issues somalia is having shouldn’t be discussed.
• Put national interests before UN interests
  • If the proposal will end the conflict but will hurt you, reject it
    • Propose something more neural or beneficial to you and defend it instead

The meeting aims to end the current on going conflict

• you aim to pass resolutions

Formalities

• Call yourself by your country’s full name
• Call others by ‘delegates of {Country}’
• Start with soft, non controversial ideas and start to harden your argument later on
• Go through other states’ position paper

Presentation

• Shouldn’t read the position paper
• Note down key ideas and present it in a speech style that fits the situation

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Problems in Somalia §

1. Security
   • Ongoing armed conflict
     • Civil-War: al-shibab
     • between different clans wanting their own leaders to be president
   • Battle for greater Somalia, ongoing?
   • Somaliland declared independence
   • Election:
     • clans fighting each other for election
2. Humanitarian Crisis
   • refugee crisis
   • lack of state protection
   • International aid is attacked and stolen by warlords and factions
3. Economics
   • Economic recovery plan

P1: Background of Issue and US Position §

Colonialism left Somalia fragmented

• Britain and Italy became ‘Somalia’
• France’s became ‘Djibouti’

Need to regain Greater Somalia

• Ethiopia announced support of Marxist-Lennin and after Somalia refused negotiation Soviet supported Ethiopia

Somalia failed

Consequence

• 1/3 of the army died fighting
• Economy Collapse
• Refugee crisis: ethnic Somali in fighting area fled to Somalia
• Famine: drought

The on going civil war since 1991 between the Federal government of Somalia and the terrorist organization Al-Shabab causing close to half a million deaths and Somalia stability.

P2: Background information with details regarding the issue at hand §

• What you want actors to do such as the UN

• What your country has done in tackling the issue, how and why it failed

  • The United States has provided more than $3 billion in humanitarian assistance for Somalia since fiscal year 2006 to address the problems of drought, famine, and refugees.
  • Since 2011, the United States has provided an additional $253 million in development assistance to support economic, political, and social sectors to achieve greater stability, establish a formal economy, obtain access to basic services, and attain representation through legitimate, credible governance.
  • The United States works closely with other donor partners and international organizations to support social services and the development of an effective and representative security sector, including military, police, and justice sector, while supporting ongoing African Union peacekeeping efforts.

  ANISOM: The US is involved in ANISOM ran by the African Union and authorized by UN

  US provided

  • Peace & Security: The U.S. Government provides equipment and training to troop contributing countries (TCCs) participating in the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM).
  • Since its initial deployment in 2007, the United States has obligated over $341 million to AMISOM.
  • The U.S. also provides a full-time Peace and Security Advisor to the AU Peace Support Operations division at a cost of more than $300,000.
  • The United States provides all of its support for AMISOM in kind, including equipment, logistics support, advice, and training for AMISOM TCCs.

  Result: To date, AMISOM forces, supported by the U.S. and other international partners, have significantly degraded Al Shabaab and stabilized Somalia.

• Convince other states why they should or should not involve in the issue or take action, depending on your country’s nation interests

• US’s position

  • Support for the building of democratic institutions and holding politicians accountable & election
  • Building effective Somali security forces: support federal national military against al-shabab
  • Implementation of stabilization and economic recovery programme
  • Delivering humanitarian assistance across the whole of Somalia

The US was actively led three UN missions in Somalia such as … . However these missions’ mandates ended which led to less involvement from the US.

P3: Propose Solution, measure, policy §

• For the UN to build a plan of action or step by step process in stabilizing and recover Somalia’s economy and policy instability
• For the UN to take up a temporary management role in the vacuum of leadership in Somalia
• To seek actions in rebuilding democratic institutions and reestablish electoral mechanism for a new government.
• For contributions in training, supplying, and advising Somalia troops to regain control over the country from Al-Shabab
• To deliver humanitarian aid to the victims of civil conflicts

Written Proposal for Somalia Simulation