Normal embassy §

• Normal Embassy: is the type that exist during times of peace between the sender state and the host state.

What are the functions of embassies? §

• Representing the sending state’s interest
  1. The existance of an embassy itself means the hosting state recognize the legitimacy of the sender state and the value attached to having relations with each other
  2. Resident embassy can stand in for the leader themselves (more option)
• Protecting sending’s interests in the hosting state
  1. Actively involved in the pre-negotiations and follow up stages of conflicts
  2. Lobbying influential actors of host state to take actions that are beneficial to its sender state
• Gathering information about, negotiating, promoting friendly relations with the hosting state
  1. Act as hub for relations: saving money for mutlilateral meetings (one big embassy to replace need for smaller embassies)
  2. To be well networked, promoting good relations
  3. to avoid offense if unpleasant message has to be delivered
  4. clarify intentions: clear up misunderstandings or propagandas
  5. Conducting relations/negotiation between hostile nations, limiting conflict and facilitating repproachment, using third party state’s embassies of both states as connection point
  6. Reporting home the mindset of the host state’s leaders: for decision makers at home to make informed decisions
  7. Performing illegal functions: spying on host state, sponsor coup, sabatage, rebel/terrorist group for sender state’s interests
• Can represent many versitile functions such as detailed in the Chancery branch. (ODA Projects)

How is an embassy organized? §

• Ambassator leads an embassy, most powerful in public
• Deputy Chief of Mission (DCM) can take charge when ambassator is absent. Role can be named different:
  • Minister
  • Minister-counsellor
  • Counsellor
• Embassy Premises or Building Organization
  • Residence of the Chief of Mission
  • Chancery: traditionally administration , political , economic-commercial , defence , public diplomacy , cultural , consular , Others Topic Related sectors: Nuclear energy sector, Narcotics & border sector
  • Problem of isolation between different sectors teams => Ambassator as the boss of a one-team mentality
    • Could still lead to conflict of what should be prioritized
• Supported by administrative, technical, and domestic staffs
  • Domestic staffs because cheaper, locally engaged, knowledge and language skills. But with no diplomatic protection

To avoid administartive turmoil you section a big group into

• smaller sections
  • With head of sections
• project-based arrangement: is the option for small staffed embassies