GIGW-C12: Terrorism §

Class: IS402 Created Time: December 22, 2021 2:12 PM Database: Class Notes Database Last Edited Time: March 20, 2022 10:57 PM Type: Presentation Notes

Terrorism: Counter Violent Terrorism and Extremism in Asia and Europe §

I. Changing Threat Landscape §

• Terrorist organization group called ‘Deash’
• Fear spread through social media
• Method: Infiltration of society
  • returned to their own country
  • rejoin society

II. Recruitment and Motivation §

• More women and children joining terrorist groups
  • Harder to determine who are extremist
• Motive:
  • Belief in ideology & religion from leader of group abuse
  • People looking for purpose in life
  • Leaders create sense of belonging for the lost
    • Could be provided through internet
• Recruitment Process
  • Religious Mosque: who come for advice from god, gets mind washed
  • Education: easy to influence young minds
  • Prison

III. Specific Terrorism Patterns in Asia and Europe §

1. Southeast Asia §

• Most attacks aren’t claimed by big groups: only small groups or single perpetrators
• In SEA: Muslim is minority
• SEA is a hiding spot for terrorist groups
  • Bali bombing
  • Daesh are traveling in SEA to build support for other terrorist groups

2. South Asia §

• This location is safe haven but also battle grounds for different terrorist groups
  • Why?
    • Development gap
    • Political turmoil
    • Isolation of segments of societies
    • Lack of infrastructure
    • social problems

3. West-Europe and Australia §

• Colonial powers who used to colonize Muslim countries are confronted by Islamic extremist
• Australia usually face individual terrorists
• All types of terrorist groups, connected or disconnected to Daesh

VI. Domestic State Reponses §

1. Hard Reponse §

• Hard Reponses: increasing surveillance and monitoring measure in public spaces
  • Policy changes: not connect Terrorism to religions outrightly
  • Border control
  • Weapons restriction
  • More employment in the field
  • Special task forces

2. Soft Response §

• Soft Response: raising domestic awareness and strengthen la enforcement
  1. Government must educate those unaware of how a person turn extremist
     • What can lead radicalization to extremist
       • Political deficit: people don’t feel represented in society
       • Economic deficit: feel less progress in finance while economy is growing
       • Demographic pressure: competing identity and hostile interactions in society
  2. Strong law enforcement:
     • to cut financial access and assets
     • to cut recruitment
     • cooperate with non-state actors
     • efforts to reintegrate people into normal society: get rid of discrimination

3. Combined Approaches §

• Government cooperate with non-governmental stakeholders, private sectors, and other related industries to keep track of terrorist activities
  • Determine financial support
  • Record their movement

V. Recommendation for Enhanced Asia-Europe Cooperation §

1. Bilateral and Multilateral Opportunities §

• To deal with terrorism in both bilateral and multilateral mechanisms to maintain border security
• Cross-border, inter-agency, agency collaborations, international investigation: to obstruct terrorism together
  • Data-sharing: open-source intelligence to keep close look on terrorist activities
    • Might require advanced technology

2. Cooperation in the Framework of International Institutions §

• State-to-state initiative
• Enable more region-to-region cooperation
• Platforms for discussion and solutions

Counter Strategies against terrorism §

• US using War against terrorism as a political tool instead of the greater good Afghanistan Conflict Brief and Theoretical Perspectives
• Perspectives of SEA countries on terrorism could be a research